Understanding the experiences and perceptions of people with chronic nonspecific neck pain – A qualitative study

Abstract

Introduction: Chronic nonspecific neck pain (CICD) is the third most prevalent musculoskeletal painful condition among women and with a 1-month prevalence of 15.4% to 45.3% among adults, although CICD is not related to signs or specific patho-anatomical symptoms, can cause intense pain and disability in individuals' daily activities. Biological, psychological and social factors have been associated with the development and maintenance of CICD. Furthermore, patients' expectations and expectations regarding the diagnosis and management of pain can influence their experience and perception of the condition. Objectives: Explore the perceptions and experiences of adults in relation to chronic non-specific neck pain, opinions and attitudes towards the clinical condition, in addition to the relationship with health professionals. Methods: Descriptive qualitative study, in which data from semi-structured interviews and drawings were analyzed through inductive thematic analysis using the techniques of reflective thematic analysis. Three adult DCCI participants were interviewed in person and remotely, on a day and time convenient for the participants. Results: The study analysis predicts six themes: (1) Pain is caused by biophysical factors; (2) The influence of psychological aspects; (3) Pain behavior and functional limitations; (4) Treatment; (5) Relationship with professionals and search for information; (6) Social and financial impact. Conclusion: This unprecedented qualitative study with Brazilian adults with CICD revealed physical, social and emotional specifications. It highlights the importance of an empathetic, communicative and problem-solving approach on the part of health professionals, encouraging solid relationships to promote adherence to treatment. It is concluded that professionals should consider a patient-centered approach and explore emotional factors, as well as the impact of DCCI on patients' lives and provide evidence-based information from a multidimensional perspective.