Evaluation of pulmonary function and respiratory muscle strength in individuals infected with HIV

Abstract

Introduction: HIV infection is associated with pulmonary complications that may affect respiratory function, even with antiretroviral therapy. Objective: To evaluate pulmonary function and respiratory muscle strength in HIV-positive individuals compared to healthy controls. Methods: Cross-sectional study with 60 participants (30 HIV+ and 30 controls). Spirometry, maximal inspiratory and expiratory pressure tests, and clinical data collection were performed. Results: HIV+ individuals showed a significant reduction in maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP) and maximal expiratory pressure (MEP), without significant changes in spirometric parameters. Conclusion: HIV infection, even under treatment, can impair respiratory muscle strength, supporting the need for early respiratory physiotherapy monitoring.